What ROAS and break-even ROAS mean
ROAS is ad revenue divided by ad spend. A 3× ROAS means $3 of attributed sales for every $1 of ads. Break-even ROAS is different: it is order revenue divided by contribution left after product, shipping, payment, and other non-ad variable costs. If contribution before ads is 40% of revenue, break-even ROAS is 2.5×. A ROAS of 100% only covers ad spend. It does not cover the product.
Sources:Google Ads: About target ROAS biddingandShopify’s break-even ROAS guide.
Worked ecommerce examples
These are fictional planning examples, not typical StoreKitly results.
Healthy margin
Selling price 50.00, product 12.00, shipping 6.00, payment fees 2.00. Contribution is 30.00. Break-even ROAS is 1.67×. You can spend up to 30.00 on ads for that order before variable costs go negative.
Tight margin
Selling price 30.00, product 16.00, shipping 4.00, payment fees 2.00. Contribution is 8.00. Break-even ROAS is 3.75×. Most accounts cannot hold 3.75× at scale, so the offer or cost structure needs work before ads can grow.
Free shipping
Selling price 80.00 with “free” shipping that still costs you 10.00, plus product 24.00and fees 2.00. Contribution is 44.00. Break-even ROAS is 1.82×. The shipping you absorb belongs in the floor even when the product page says free.
What is a good ROAS?
A good ROAS is one above this order’s break-even line. Industry shortcuts such as “4× is good” mix different margins, attribution windows and cost structures. The table is the identity 1 ÷ contribution margin, not a survey.
| Contribution margin after non-ad costs | Break-even ROAS |
|---|---|
| 20% | 5.00× |
| 25% | 4.00× |
| 33% | 3.03× |
| 40% | 2.50× |
| 50% | 2.00× |
| 60% | 1.67× |
If you fill campaign numbers, this page reads actual ROAS against that floor: below it you lose variable contribution; 1.0–1.5× the floor is tight; 1.5–2.0× can scale gradually; above 2× the floor is strong for these costs. Those bands are a heuristic, not a measured benchmark.
ROAS, ROI, MER and ACOS
- ROAS is attributed ad revenue ÷ ad spend.
- ROI is profit after the costs you include, so it moves when you add COGS, fees or ads.
- MER is all sales in a period ÷ all marketing spend, useful when channel attribution is noisy.
- ACOS is ad spend ÷ ad revenue, the inverse of ROAS. Google Ads buyers often think in ACOS.
How to use this with Meta or Google Ads
Paste the same revenue definition your ads manager uses, then remember the gaps. Platforms may include tax, shipping paid by the customer, or returning buyers. Attribution windows overlap. Attributed ROAS is not incremental ROAS. Compare only after those definitions match, and treat the max ads / order figure as an advertising allowance, not CAC.
Full guide: set Meta and Google targets from this floor. It maps break-even ROAS into campaign targets and Shopify marketing reports. The calculator on this page still does the math.
How to lower break-even ROAS
Raise price or average order value, cut product or fulfillment cost, or stop paying for shipping you cannot recover. A better conversion rate does not change break-even ROAS per order, but it can raise actual ROAS on the same spend. For the cost structure itself, use themargin calculator.
What this calculator does not include
Fixed overhead, income tax, and future repeat purchases are out of scope. If returns matter, enter retained revenue and the matching net costs for a mature order group; do not subtract refunded revenue again as a second cost. App subscriptions belong here only when they truly vary with the order.